Asset Quality, Non-Performing Financing, and Early-Warning Indicators of Operational Stress in Islamic Banking Systems: Evidence from SSA. Journal of Islamic Economic Studies, [S. l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 1–24, 2026. Disponível em: https://journal.hamfara.com/hamfara/article/view/58. Acesso em: 8 may. 2026.